The Cherokee Nation is a rich and vibrant Native American tribe, functioning with its own autonomous government, and deeply tied to a history that stretches back millennia. Defense of their ancestry, language, culture, sovereignty, and way of life has powered the Cherokee Nation through countless trials and triumphs.
History
The Cherokee Nation originated in the southeastern United States, in a region encompassing present day North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, and Alabama [^1^]. Their ancient society was agrarian and communal, known for detailed crafts and complex political systems. They had an intricate set of beliefs and traditions that intertwined with every aspect of their lives.
Encounter with Europeans in the 16th century brought severe changes. The Cherokee Nation endured harrowing periods during the 18th and 19th centuries, including forced relocation during 1838-1839, now known as the Trail of Tears, during which thousands of Cherokee lost their lives [^2^].
Through resilience and determination, the Cherokee reestablished themselves in what is now Oklahoma, developing and evolving into a well-structured and self-sustaining entity – the Cherokee Nation is today recognized as one of the most influential tribes in America.
Government
The Cherokee Nation operates under a tripartite democratic government. The Principal Chief leads the executive branch, the Tribal Council forms the legislative branch, and the Judicial Appeals Tribunal makes up the judicial branch. The full codified law system has provisions for civil and criminal cases.
Sovereignty
Despite battles with the U.S. government regarding their independence, the Cherokee Nation never ceased in defending their sovereignty. Recent litigation has resulted in a landmark decision affirming their autonomy over the tribal lands.
Culture and Traditions
Cherokee culture was multifaceted. The Cherokee syllabary, an advanced system of writing, was invented by Sequoyah in the early 19th century and it is used today, immortalizing the Cherokee language. Storytelling was and still is a part of Cherokee culture, with tales of mythical figures and fascinating legends passed down through generations.
Art and crafts, including pottery, the making of traditional Cherokee baskets, beadwork, and ceremonial clothing remain deeply entrenched in Cherokee life. Cherokee cuisine reflected their agrarian culture with key ingredients derived from the wild such as corn, beans, and squash.
Religion & Spirituality
Traditional Cherokee spiritual beliefs held the universe as a balance of interconnected forces and entities. Nuances of their beliefs were expressed through delicate rites and ceremonies, many of which are still observed. The Cherokee saw medicine as not only physical healing, but also the restoration of spiritual balance, reinforced by the work of traditional healers.
Education and Economic Development
It’s not only in preserving and practicing past tradition that the Cherokee Nation shines; they have also worked hard to improve education and economic prospects for their people.
Cherokee Nation businesses contribute significantly to the Oklahoma economy. Profits fund infrastructure, education, healthcare, and cultural preservation initiatives. They even provide scholarships for Cherokee students pursuing higher education.
Conclusion
The Cherokee Nation, impressive and resilient, stands strong as a beacon of native culture, traditions, and vitality. They have faced adversities but never lost sight of the future, continually striving for progress and prosperity. Their story is a testament to the power of self-determination, continuity, and an unyielding spirit.
[^1^]: McLoughlin, William G. “Cherokee.” Encyclopædia Britannica. April 02, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cherokee
[^2^]: Sturgis, Amy H. The Trail of Tears and Indian Removal. Greenwood, 2007.